3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, creates physical, three-dimensional objects from digital designs. Digital 3D design files are sent to 3D printers in layers to print objects, which can be almost any shape or geometry. Available materials to print on include plastics, rubber, sandstone, metals, and alloys, with an ever-increasing number of materials appearing on the market. 3D printers range from desktop versions to large industrial machines.

Examples of industries and professions using 3D printing include car and aircraft manufacturers who create parts using the technology; architects who generate scale models with this type of printing; and consumer product manufacturers who send components of products to consumers for local 3D printing. Forecasts show that global spending on 3D printing will reach $28.9 billion by 2020, with an annual compound growth rate of 22.3%.